A Sign of Things to Come in NY...Longer Review Times

As many of you know who file life and annuity products in NY on a certified basis, there are only two NY Insurance Department employees who currently review these submissions. And soon there will be just one, as Ann Mone, an incredibly dedicated and hard worker, is expected to retire this year. And this year is rapidly moving towards its last quarter. Already there are signs that the inevitable slowdown is coming as she begins to make that transition. Her departure will be felt throughout those companies who do business in NY. It seems unlikely that she will be replaced, so the only possible outcome is a significant increase in review times as Ms. DiNola does her best to keep up with the submissions single-handedly.

On a personal level, I have tremendous respect and admiration for Ms. Mone and I will miss seeing her on visits to the NY Department. On a professional level her departure is a hugely important development as she does so much for all of the attorneys in the Life Bureau now. Even as she uses her accrued time it can be felt. I can only imagine what will happen to turnaround times when she leaves for good!

Use of 8/9/2010 Variable Material Checklist for NY Policy Form Submissions

As a member of the life committee of the New York State Insurance Department's task force on modernizing insurance regulation, I worked with Ms. Nelligan on the creation of a checklist for use when drafting memoranda of variable material for life and annuity policy form submissions. This was an area of concern because so many certified submissions (CL-6) are rejected due to variable material problems. In drafting the checklist, we tried to identify the most common errors and provide concrete tips for avoiding them. The [checklist] we came up with was posted on the NYSID website last week.

This week, I had my first occasion to use it during the process of preparing variable material for a client. While I was obviously familiar with its content, I found the checklist format very helpful as I went through the process. I found it useful both in the initial drafting and in doing a check before finalizing. I think anyone who is preparing these for submission will find it of value and I encourage you to check it out on the website and use it in conjunction with the other posted guidance on this topic.

NY Circular Letter on Bonus Recapture

[Circular Letter 8 (2010)] dated June 29, 2010 and posted yesterday on the NY Insurance Department website, clarifies that as a result of amendments to §4223(c)(1), made at the time provisions relating to indexed annuities were added, recapture of bonuses on fixed annuities or fixed accounts of variable annuities, are not permitted. Note that this is based on statutory language, added in 2008, to the effect that the death benefit for contracts with cash surrender benefits may not be less than the actual accumulation amount. This is not a position being established by circular letter. Some companies may have already been advised of this statutory prohibition by post-approval review.

One thing that I really appreciate about this Circular Letter is that it is quite explicit about what is expected of insurers.  Contracts/ Certificates issued prior to October 5, 2008 were not subject to the prohibition and no action need be taken. "However, in accordance with Insurance Law §3103, any contract or certificate issued on or after October 5, 2008 shall be enforceable as if it conformed to the law. Accordingly, to prevent any confusion, every insurer must endorse any annuity contract or certificate issued on or after October 5, 2008 to remove any death benefit bonus recapture provisions or in the case of a fixed and variable annuity contract or certificate be endorsed to provide that the recapture will not be applied to the fixed account portion of the contract." Further, the Circular Letter explicitly states that an insurer does not have to endorse contracts/certificates on which the recapture period has already expired.

The Department indicates that companies must make restitution for any recaptures from contracts issued after October 5, 2008 and that if that is done the Department does not intent to take further action against a company.

From my perspective, this very clear explanation of what is expected in each of these scenarios is almost as important as the substantive announcement of the statutory rule. However, there is one "elephant in the room" issue left unresolved. That is how this relates to variable annuity contracts that have guaranteed living benefit riders that have yet to be analyzed by the Department for the §4240(d) exemption.

Because a determination that a guaranteed living benefit exceeds the §4240(d) 3% limit, and would therefore be subject to §4223, the nonforfeiture law, that determination would also mean that this rule on recapture of bonuses would apply to the variable annuity or variable portion of a combined product. Of course, in the face of such a finding, this bonus recapture is likely to be the easiest of many issues to resolve. But, it once again highlights the need for resolution, once and for all, of §4240(d)'s application to variable annuities with guarantee features.

Again, I applaud the Life Bureau for the clarity of this Circular Letter and hope we continue to see guidance of this type in the future. The effort made to analyze and set forth all the scenarios, and the steps required of companies in each, will make it much easier for insurers doing business in New York to be sure they are in compliance with regulatory mandates.

NYSID to Hold Hearing on Reform

In a [press release] issued today, Insurance Superintendent James J. Wrynn announced that the Department will hold a public hearing on June 28 to hear comments on rate and form filings, regulatory filings and licensing applications. Superintendent Wrynn is quoted as saying that the Department looks forward to hearing from anyone who "has ideas on how to make what is already a superb Department even more efficient and effective." A list with examples of possible discussion topics is included in the press release, although it is not broken down to provide guidance with respect to which topics might apply to which bureaus.

Oral testimony will be limited to 5 minutes and written comments can be submitted to the Department at an e-mail address provided in the press release.

CL6 Sanctions are Coming!

Life Bureau Chief Michael E. Maffei recently announced that the New York State Insurance Department intends to begin to implement sanctions for the most serious violations on certified filings. The sanction he specifically referred to was suspension in the right to use the certified process.

Noting that these are extremely fact-specific, he was not able to give a lot of information about what the Department considers "most serious." He did say, however, that they are looking at "knowing" violations as falling within this category. Mr. Maffei indicated that they have a variety of means for determining what was knowing and what wasn't, including looking at previous filings.

A question was posed to Mr. Maffei about what type of sanctions and anticipated and he responded that they haven't made any final decisions, but they are looking at a 90-day suspension. When asked, he also indicated that the suspension would be company-wide, even from companies that have multiple filing units and the violation was limited to a single unit.

Given the time frames that were reported in an earlier post and the experiences many have had with post-approval reviews, it seems likely that this development will lead some companies to reconsider prior approval as their preferred filing mode. Of course, if more companies start to go that route, it is likely those average times will get longer.

NY Proposes Circular Letter on Guaranteed Withdrawal Benefits and Excess Withdrawals

 Yesterday, June 2, 2010, the NY Insurance Department posted a [proposed circular letter] regarding excess withdrawals and the impact they may have on guaranteed withdrawal benefits.  The Department expresses their concern that the reduction in the guaranteed benefit may be unfairly disproportionate when compared to the amount of the excess withdrawal.  The Department does recognize that insurers do need to limit exposure to anti-selection and that proportional reductions in the benefits are a common way to do this. 

I have submitted comments to the Department on this proposal and encourage others to do so as well.  My comments follow:  

My comments on the proposed circular letter are focused on three issues on which I think clarification is important:
1) What this means for CL6 submissions,
2) What needs to happen for in-force contracts and for disclosure at the time of request, and
3) Retro-activity and compliance: What about policy form compliance certifications that have already been signed?

CL6 Submissions:
I am concerned about the use of the word “should” in a circular letter because of the certification of compliance with circular letters in CL6 submissions. Can a company comply with this circular letter if they do not provide disclosure at both sales presentation and at the time of request? If not, then it is only fair to say that companies “must” provide disclosure. The word “should” suggests that there is a choice, that the Department recommends this practice, but does not mandate it. If the Department mandates disclosure, and the content of the disclosure, then the language of the circular letter must make that clear to the regulated entities. To leave the compliance standard ambiguous is unfair to companies and officers who certify to compliance.
I have a similar concern about the 30 day right to cancel the withdrawal. Can an insurer certify to compliance with this circular letter if they do not adhere to this “best practice”? Again, the question is whether it is required? If so, fairness to those signing the certifications mandates that the requirement be expressed unequivocally. Will the Department interpret the certification as a statement that this “best practice” is implemented? Or if this is the best practice, is it still possible to certify to compliance based on some lesser practice. That is unclear based on this language.

In-force Contracts/Disclosure at the time of request:
I have questions about the last paragraph. What does it mean that companies have to “provide a clear explanation” at the time of the request? What will the Department be looking for on a post-approval review? Will the requirement be for an individualized demonstration of the impact on his/her particular contract? Alternatively, will a statement and generic demonstration such as that provided in the circular letter itself be acceptable? How does the Department envision this explanation happening in practice? If a written request for a withdrawal is received by a company, are they then to send out a paper explanation, whether individualized or generic? Can it be provided with the withdrawal payment? If so, is that contingent on the “best practice” 30 day right to cancel the withdrawal? If not, do they need to have some acknowledgment of receipt of the explanation in order to meet a PAR burden of showing that the explanation was provided? What happens if the contractholder does not return the explanation or respond to attempts to clarify the intent after the explanation? Can the company go through with the requested transaction and still be in compliance with the Circular Letter? Can a clear explanation be provided by phone at the time of request?
The last sentence appears to require only the process for the disclosure but not the disclosure itself be submitted to Ms. Nelligan. Is that accurate? Will those be approved, acknowledged? Will a company be able to know what the Department finds acceptable prior to a post-approval review?

Need for retro-active compliance:
As you know, many companies have GWBs approved for use in NY today via CL6. Those signed certifications pre-date this circular letter, so none of them intended to certify to compliance with this when they signed the certification. Many companies may not be able to document what disclosure did or did not occur during the sales presentation or at the time of a withdrawal request. Is this Circular Letter applicable to sales and withdrawal requests happening only in the future, or on post-approval reviews, will this be imposed retroactively to any certified filing of a GWB rider? If this will be applied retroactively, in my opinion, fairness dictates that be more clear in the circular letter.

DOMA, Defaults and Spousal Continuation in NY

At last week's Speed-to-Market seminar, Peter Dumar of the New York State Insurance Department presented on Supplement 1 to Circular Letter 27 (2008) (CL27). CL27 addresses the annuity issues that arise in annuities due to NY's recognition of same-sex marriages performed in other states. The Circular Letter itself is pretty straight-forward. Disclosure is required of the conflict between NY's position on same-sex marriage and the implications of the federal Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA). In addition, CL27 says "every insurer should review its policy forms to determine if revisions are needed so that a same-sex spouse will not be defaulted to the spousal continuation option, and to ensure that the default option for a same-sex spouse is adequately disclosed."

Reviewing all contracts as required by the Circular Letter is a significant burden, but it is understandable if what a company needs to look for are provisions that don't work anymore due to NY's recognition of same-sex marriage and DOMA's prohibitions on spousal continuation in the context of a same-sex spouse.

But...recently our office has been seeing post-approval reviews come in that require companies to add a default option where the contracts previously had none. This did not make sense to us because CL27 only required a review to determine if there was a conflict. No statute or regulation specifically requires a default option upon death of the owner. If there is no default option there can be no conflict. Not having a default option seemed the best way to preserve the most options for the most people and do so with the fewest possible policy form filings.

I asked Mr. Dumar about this at the seminar and he explained that the requirement for a default is not based on CL27, but on the entire contract mandate. It is the Department's position that the contract is not complete if it does not include a provision stating what will happen on the death of the owner if the beneficiary does not select an option for receipt of the applicable proceeds.

Therefore, all companies should be aware that if you have an annuity contract that does not have a default option stating what happens upon death of the owner of the contract, you will be required to add one on post-approval review. You will be required to make this change not only on a going-forward basis, but you will also be required to endorse your in-force contracts to add this default option.

If you make the default spousal continuation, you will also need the CL27 language.

In light of all of this, the option that makes to be the default from a filing perspective is likely to be a lump sum payment in 5 years. Then it is unnecessary to add the CL27 disclosures. In addition, in the event that DOMA is repealed, the rights of same-sex spouses to continue the contract when/if that becomes legal are preserved. However, the filing ease and long-term compliance simplicity of the lump sum will need to be weighed against the election paperwork burden on the opposite sex spouse if s/he wants to continue the contract and must make an affirmative election to do so. Because no actual payments can be made to a beneficiary who can't be found and any beneficiary who can be found will want his/her money, defaults are really about paperwork. Who has to fill out the paperwork for what.

Ultimately now that a default is mandated, that will be the business decision to make: election paperwork vs. complicated continuation provisions and the possibility of future filings to maintain compliance in this rapidly changing are of the law.

New York Announces New Med Supp Product Checklists

Updated product checklists are now available on the New York State Insurance Department's website for Medicare Supplement product filings. Checklists are available for both group and individual filings. These refer to the new regulation (Regulation 193) that has been recently promulgated in order to bring all the Med Supp requirements into a single regulation and to make the necessary changes to comply with federal law.

NY Illustration Annual Certifications

Happy New Year!

With the new year upon us, many insurers are working on annual filings. Some companies may have done their annual illustration filings for 1/1/2010, but if your company uses a later date in the year for NY, be sure to consult the [guidance] issued by the NYSID last fall on this topic.

Of particular note is the section titled How Should Policy Forms be Listed? This will come as a surprise to many, I believe. The Department states: "Many certifications only contain lists of policy forms that are currently being issued; however, the certification also pertains to illustrations for existing policies on forms no longer being issued." They emphasize that the list must include all forms for which in-force illustrations subject to the regulation could have been made. The guidance says that the list should distinguish between forms currently being issued and those no longer issued. Note also that all riders "involved" in illustrations must be listed in the annual certification as well as the base policy form.

While guidance setting out best practices and recommendations for clean submissions are always appreciated, this seems to be a new interpretation of this long-standing requirement. Nonetheless, the guidance does indicate that this is one of the Department's "expectations" and it seems likely that those companies submitting lists formatted in ways that have been accepted previously may find they are not accepted this time around.

For those submitting via SERFF, the filing guidance is quite helpful: TOI "Life Insurance & Annuity Products" Sub-TOI "General" and filing type "Life Annual Illustration Certification."

NY Ins. Dep't Cites 2 Life Ins. Complaints in 11/20 Press Release

 Historically, life insurance has resulted in few complaints to Insurance Departments when compared to property/casualty or health insurance.  However a [press release] issued today by the New York State Insurance Department discusses three complaints, two of which are life insurance complaints.  

The press release touts $8.12 million in funds returned to consumers in the third quarter 2009 as a result of NYSID intervention.  The two life insurance complaints together amounted to less than $60,000.  Both complaints involved pretty small face amount policies.  Despite the low dollar amounts involved,  they are featured prominently in the release suggesting that perhaps life insurance complaints are more common and are higher on the Department's radar than they have been in the past.  

Insurers would be very well served by making sure, in these difficult times when budgets are under great pressure but regulatory attention is heightened, that compliance, market conduct, claims and complaint handling do not get short shrift.  The reputational harm to the company and the industry far outweighs  the short-term budget relief that may result from cuts to these areas.  A quick look at this press release is a good reminder for life insurers.  

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Supp. 1 to CL27 (2008) Same-Sex Marriage Disclosures

 Yesterday I posted about the new [Supplement No. 1 to Circular Letter 27 (2008)] related to same-sex spouses and annuity contract language.  The NYSID has now posted [Filing Guidance] for companies needing to file policy forms to comply with the requirements found in the Circular Letter.  "Any revisions needed to address the concerns raised in the supplement concerning default options must be made to both in-force and new issue starting November 1, 2009."  This post addresses issues I see in the disclosure portion of the Guidance.  A future post will address the more general filing issues for policy forms.  

It is interesting to note that the guidance appears to assert approval jurisdiction over the disclosures as well as any required policy form language needed to address the default options.  According to the [Office of General Counsel], disclosures are generally not considered policy forms as that term is defined by statute in section 3201.  

The filing guidance provides template disclosure language:  

"Pursuant to the Federal Defense of Marriage Act, same-sex marriages are not recognized for purposes of federal law.  Therefore, the favorable tax treatment provided by federal tax law to an opposite-sex spouse is NOT available to a same-sex spouse. Same-sex spouses should consult a tax advisor prior to purchasing annuity products that provide benefits based upon status as a spouse, and prior to exercising any spousal rights under an annuity."  

If this disclosure is used exactly,   then the certified,  or CL6, process can be used by a company going forward for form filings.  If there is any deviation from this text, then the forms may not be submitted on a certified basis because the disclosure will need review on a case-by-case basis, according to the Department's Guidance.  

This is an interesting assertion of authority.  On its face, it would seem that this disclosure is not different than many other types of disclosure mandated by the Department  where they think it important for consumer protection. However, unlike those other instances, here if a company deviates in any way from prescribed text, full prior approval is required.   This should not be understood as an objection to this disclosure as a way to resolve this challenging issue posed by a conflict between state and federal law.  My concern is that this approach of mandating specific and exact and keying it to approval methods takes state-oversight of drafting to unusual, and in my opinion, unnecessary, heights.  

Why can't a company use the following without losing the right to use an expedited process?

PLEASE NOTE:  the Federal Defense of Marriage Act does not allow recognition of same-sex marriages for purposes of federal law.  As a result, any favorable tax treatment provided by federal tax law to an opposite-sex spouse under this and other deferred annuity contracts is NOT available to a same-sex spouse in the same situation.  We recommend that same-sex spouses consult their personal tax advisor prior to purchasing annuity products that provide benefits based upon status as a spouse.  Further, we recommend that an advisor be consulted  prior to exercising any spousal rights under an annuity to determine if it is right for you in your situation.  

All the requirements of the applicable Circular Letter are addressed, but in different words.  Nonetheless, if a company adopts alternative language that, for example, their in-house legal counsel likes better, they lose the option of a certified process.  Instead, a non-substantive change in disclosure language results in the mandate of a prolonged and non-expedited filing process.  

Further, does this mandated language mean that if a company elects a non-contractual disclosure form - say a stand-alone disclosure, where perhaps the text could be in a larger or alternative colored font - that form, otherwise not a policy form under the OGC opinion, now needs approval which can only be certified if it mirrors the guidance's text?  

Is that really a necessary assertion of approval authority?   

Revised Circular Letter Creates 3 Requirements for Annuity Contracts that Involve Same-Sex Spouses

 On August 10, 2009, the New York State Insurance Department officially responded to inquiries regarding the application of Circular Letter 27 (2008) to annuity contracts that must comply with federal law, including DOMA,  to receive tax-advantaged  treatment.  A [Supplement to CL 27 (2008)] was issued to address the apparent conflict between state and federal law.  The conclusion is that:  "a same-sex spouse must follow the same rules that apply to any natural person who is not the spouse"  in several circumstances, or "be subject to detriment in the form of taxes or penalties."  From this conclusion flow 3 Department directives set out in the Circular Letter:

1) No later than 11/1/2009, any new annuity contract/certificate with spousal rights or benefits, "should include a clear an conspicuous disclosure to consumers that explains that favorable tax treatment provided by federal law to opposite-sex spouses is not available to same-sex spouses because of DOMA."  That disclosure must also advise same-sex spouses to consult a tax advisor prior to purchase of an annuity providing rights/benefit based on spousal status, AND prior to the exercise of any spousal rights under the annuity contract.  

2)  For contracts issued prior to 11/1/2009, insurers should provide the disclosure on or before that date, or in the alternative, provide the disclosure to the beneficiary upon the death of the contract holder or certificate holder.  

3) Insurers should review their policy forms to ascertain if there are any revisions needed so that a same-sex spouse "will not be defaulted to the spousal continuation option, and to ensure that the default option for a same-sex spouse is adequately disclosed."  

The Department indicates that they will post details of an expedited approval process for form filings made solely to comply with this Supplement on their website.  Peter Dumar is listed as the contact in the Life Bureau.  

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The NYSID seems to be walking a very tough line here trying to reconcile state law prohibiting discrimination and federal law, which mandates discrimination against same-sex spouses.  The interpretation of policy provisions may be a challenge as a result.  It appears that the word spouse will be interpreted under NY law to include same-sex spouses, so contractual references to "spouse", without more,  will include same-sex spouses.  

It is less clear whether the now- common definition of  "spouse" to be "as defined by federal law" will be permissible without limiting that definition to provisions of the contract where DOMA comes into play.   If DOMA does not create adverse tax consequences, state law and this Circular Letter mandate that spouse include same-sex spouses and those spouses cannot be excluded by such a definition.  

Further it is important to note that the disclosure requirement is not limited to same-sex spousal situations:  All annuity contracts must get these disclosures and all are subject to the November 1, 2009 deadline.  Therefore, with less than 90 days until that date, there is no time to waste in beginning the review of contracts and drafting the required disclosures so that they can be ready for use on time.   

Finally, there is much confusion out there in the country at large and in compliance departments of insurers as well about the differences between various states on this issue.  In looking at your company's policies and its definitions and various usages, you should be aware that the state of New York does not offer either civil unions or same-sex marriage itself.  NY recognizes same-sex marriages performed in other states or countries, but civil unions performed elsewhere do not fall into the same category and are not similarly recognized.  

 

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Superintendent Dinallo Resigns

 While many may have already heard the news, the New York State Insurance Department posted Governor Paterson's [press release] announcing the resignation of Superintendent Dinallo late today.  According to the release, Mr. Dinallo will be moving to an academic position in the business school at NYU.    No doubt there will be much discussion in the coming days, weeks and months about who else from the Department may be following him and who will be his successor.  His resignation is effective July 3, 2009.  

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2008 Legislative Summary Posted by NYSID

 The New York State Insurance Department has posted a [legislative summary] on their website.  The link for the life-specific summary can be accessed [here.]  While most of these have been effective for some time now, it can be helpful to have these brief reminders of the effective dates.   We recommend taking a look to make sure that any necessary revisions have been made to policy forms and business operations.  

 

 

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49 New York Insurance Department Layoffs?

The Albany Times Union is reporting today that Gov. Paterson has set the target for Insurance Department layoffs at 49.  The Division of the Budget indicated that normal attrition is expected to account for many of the reductions generally, it isn't clear from the release whether the targeted 49 at the Insurance Department will go deeper than that.  

 

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Do Your NY Deferred Annuity Contracts allow Contingent Annuitants?

If so, read on..... In what appears to be a new position and new interpretation of NY Insurance Law section 4223 (the annuity nonforfeiture law),  the NYSID has raised on post-approval review, the statutory permissibility of contingent annuitants.   The legal staff states:  "When the annuitant dies, a death benefit equal to the actual accumulation amount should be paid in order to comply with [section] 4223(c)(1)....Section 4223 does not authorize" deferral of payment of the death benefit when the contract would provide that a contingent annuitant could be named.  

Has anyone ever heard  this interpretation?  If so, when? ...we'd love to hear from you! 

Section 4223(c)(1) defines minimum values.  It is talking about the how much of the death benefit, not the when.  Its focus is on the "actual accumulation amount" and then subsequently what can and cannot be deducted from that amount.   There is not a single  when word in section 4223(c)(1).  It is all about how much.   Section 4223 generally is a statute concerned with amounts - it is the nonforfeiture law, after all.  The first place to look if you want to know when a benefit must be paid is section 3219 - the standard provisions section.  If you want to know how much of a benefit must be paid, 4223 is the first go to section for a general account annuity.  

This new position turns that on its head.  No because the "how much" statute doesn't specifically authorize a deferral for a contingent annuitant designated by the owner because the owner wanted such an arrangement,  the designation is characterized as a statutory violation on a post approval review.  Silence in the nonforfeiture law about the actual payment of the death benefit means the owner cannot elect to designate a contingent annuitant. 

This designation of a contingent annuitant is done by the owner of the contract, not the insurer.  This interpretative position takes a right away from an owner and requires the insurer to make a payment that the owner doesn't want.  If the statute affirmatively mandates such a payment that is one thing, but here there is no mandate.  The legislature only defined the how much.  It is the Insurance Department that is telling the owner that he/she cannot designate a contingent annuitant in the event that the original annuitant dies prior to payment of the death benefit.  

And don't forget the Department is doing so in  a post-approval review.....  

 

Superintendent Dinallo interviewed in Investment News

 In today's edition of Investment News, an interview with NY Superintendent of Insurance, Eric R.  Dinallo,  is published.   The full published interview can be seen here.  Much of the discussion focuses on annuities and he says that "the next big issue for the insurance industry" involves "adjusting the balance between term life and annuity sales."  He goes on to state that this year he needs to "focus on a better concept of appropriate guarantees.  Under the law, guarantees have certain floors.  We need to review those laws and regulations to see if we can tune up the world of annuity sales."  

In an analogy that seemed to come a bit out of left field for me, he compared the sales of annuities to sales of those old Econ 101 products:  widgets.  When pressed for an explanation he stated that:  "With an annuity, you're buying a piece of an asset management pie, and you better have the right asset managers who can take in the proceeds and guarantee a certain yield.  The last time I checked, that's a fairly sophisticated and difficult undertaking."  

Though my undergrad degree is in Economics, it has been a very long time since I looked at the widget market.  However, Mr. Dinallo's  emphasis on the sophisticated and difficult nature of asset management seems to make annuities quite different from widgets.  If I remember correctly, one reason widgets are often used for this basic study is that they are fungible and it doesn't matter to the consumer who produces them.   That allows for inquiry into barriers to entry and supply and demand as the forces of pricing.  Those seem to be quite different than the issues in sales of annuities - particularly sales of variable products with some guarantees - and his point that it may matter a great deal who is managing the assets.  

I am very glad to hear that there will be a focus on resolving the long-outstanding and unresolved standards for variable annuities with guaranteed living benefits!  Having clear standards and a basis for a level playing field in this area is long overdue.  However, if regulation of these benefits is really approached from the perspective that annuities are more like widgets than insurance, I am left not knowing what to expect!  

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Additional Assessments imposed on NY Insurers

 In Circular Letter 2 (2009), the NYSID announced that the NY Deficit Reduction Plan requires that the Superintendent impose an additional assessment on domestic insurers.  It appears that these bills are going out immediately because the State Finance Law states that payment is due within 30 days of receipt of the bill and the Circular Letter indicates that any payment postmarked after March 13, 2009 will be considered late and penalties may be assessed accordingly.   

 

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NY OGC Opinion on Life Claims Adjusting

An unusual dilemma for life insurers posed by NY law was once again addressed in a NY Office of General Counsel opinion dated December 30, 2008.   NY law does not include in the types of licenses available, an independent adjuster license for life insurance.  The 12/30 opinion states:  "The processing of life insurance claims, unlike other types of insurance claims, typically requires little discretionary authority on the part of the person or entity handling such claims."  

While that may be true for simple uncontested death claims, there are many benefits that are added to life insurance and annuity products that are not as clear cut as whether the insured is dead or not.   There are waiver of premium riders based on disability, there are accelerated death benefits based on various health conditions or life expectancy, and other benefits that may require that discretion be applied.  This is acknowledged in the opinion.  

However, without the availability of an adjuster's licence, that often-necessary discretion can only be exercised by a limited number of individuals with a direct relationship to an authorized NY insurer.  Without the independent adjuster license, employees of another insurer, affiliated with the NY company but not licensed as a NY insurer, cannot exercise discretionary authority in claims processing.  

In the words of OGC:  "Since [the unauthorized life insurer] does not come within any of the statutory exceptions, it may only perform ministerial functions with respect to the processing of life insurnace on behalf of [its affiliated NY-licensed life insurance company.]"

Due to the number of NY-only life insurers, this is often a problem that arises when there is a limited number of employees of the NY company.  

Insurance Contract Requirements and Same-Sex Marriage in NY

In a recent Office of General Counsel Opinion, posted yesterday (1/20/2009), the NYSID provided some  clarification regarding the application of Circular Letter 27 (2008).   However,  this very brief opinion adds to the discussion begun in November 2008 regarding its application, but it does not make clearer how insurance companies can comply with both the circular letter and the federal Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), when both would be applicable to a particular product.  

We get asked about this daily here in the context of spousal continuation for annuities and there does not seem to be an easy answer.  There is a great deal of confusion within the industry about how to handle this issue.  The choice appears to be marketing a product that complies with NY's mandate for equality of treatment for all spouses, wherever married, and marketing a product that is consistent with DOMA, which disqualifies any product offering same-sex spousal equality the status of an "annuity" under 72(s).  This new Opinion does not specifically address that issue although, notably, it does not include annuities in the short list of products impacted by the Circular Letter.  (see below)

Perhaps the NY Insurance Department is considering exempting annuities from coverage which would resolve this issue for insurers, but retain a discriminatory stance towards many legally married New Yorkers.  Based on my conversations with Insurers, they would be happy to be able to offer spousal continuation to same-sex couples, but do not want to create a situation where the product no longer qualifies for tax-advantaged status under the Internal Revenue Code due to the operation of DOMA.  

The NY  opinion was based on a general inquiry, with no specific facts and the entire analysis set forth in the opinion is as follows:  

"Circular Letter No. 27 (2008) advises that same-sex spouses legally married in jurisdictions outside New York must be treated as spouses for purposes of the New York Insurance Law.  The circular letter draws on the Insurance Department’s Office of General Counsel Opinion 08-11-05 (Nov. 21, 2008), which analyzed, inter alia, Martinez v. Monroe Community College, 50 A.D.3d 189, 850 N.Y.S.2d 740 (4th Dep’t), lv. to appeal denied, 10 N.Y.3d 856 (2008), and concluded that New York’s “marriage recognition” rule applies to marriages between same-sex spouses validly performed outside the state.  Although that opinion focuses principally on health insurance, both the opinion and the circular letter note that the opinion’s analyses and conclusions are “applicable to all other kinds of insurance, too.”  Accordingly, Circular Letter No. 27 (2008) applies to group long-term and short-term disability insurance, which are types of accident and health insurance, and to group term life insurance."

March Toward Federal Regulation?

This week has brought more developments with respect to SEC/federal regulation of insurance. 

In yesterday's confirmation hearings for President-elect Obama's nomination for chairman of the SEC, Mary Schapiro, there was discussion of federal regulation of insurance.  What, to me, was the most interesting was Sen. Shelby's, ranking Republican on the Senate Banking Committee, use AIG as his justification.  He reportedly stated:  "I never thought I would say this, but I think we have to visit insurance - look at AIG.  Who regulated AIG? Primarily the New York State insurance commissioner.  My gosh. Does anybody in this room believe the New York insurance commissioner knew anything of the risk they were taking?...The answer is obviously, 'no'." 

What? AIG?  An example of how state regulation of insurance failed?  What about the AIG holding company?  Where do we see an example of where federal regulation succeeded?  Who in any of the federal regulatory agencies knew anything about the risks that the federally regulated portion of AIG was taking?  If they did know of them, what steps were taken to protect the public?  Who in any of the federal regulatory agencies knew  anything about any of the risks the bailed out banks were taking? If they did know of them, what steps were taken to protect the public? If we were to judge federal regulators by their recent record of regulating financial services companies, they would not be allowed to regulate much of anything! 

It seems that some members of Congress are of the opinion that they will be able to put together an effective regulatory scheme this time around. We, apparently, are to take that on faith.  

Of course, there will be a new administration next week and perhaps they will be able to put together something new and different:  effective financial services regulation.  But in the midst of all of this financial carnage, can't Congress and the federal agencies stick to fixing what is already on their plate first?  Perhaps when they have a proven track record of regulation of the other financial services branches, it would make sense to add some insurance regulation, but until the federal government demonstrates that they can regulate better than they have so far, it seems quite premature to add anything new to their jurisdiction. 

NY Gov Proposes Extension to Dependent Coverage

In Governor Paterson's first "State of the State" address, he proposed, among other things, requiring group health plans to make employee-paid dependent coverage available to age 29.  The Governor stated that getting coverage through a group plan is generally cheaper than getting health coverage any other way.  Given that, according to his statistics, 31% of NY's uninsureds are between 19 and 29, this mandate would make less expensive coverage available  to this large group. 

While presented as a mandate, it is important to note that his proposal does not require employers to offer dependent coverage.  Likewise it does not require employers to pay for dependent coverage. 

As the parent of a teenager who will be entering the workforce before I know it, I like the idea of having another option available for coverage.  However, as a small employer I know first-hand the very real challenges of providing quality health care coverage for my employees.   If economic times remain hard, it seems inevitable that the general availability of employer-based health insurance  will be impacted, even when paid by the employee.  Also, with the number of lay-offs happening to older NY'ers, it seems quite likely that the uninsured at older ages will increase relative to those younger folks.  It is always good to have options on the table, but even when combined with the other proposals made by the Governor in his speech this week, it seems unlikely the effect will be significant enough to address the real health care coverage problems facing New Yorkers in these difficult times. 

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NY issues Circular Letter on Same Sex Spouses

 NY has recently issues Circular Letter 27 (2008) dealing with same-sex spouses.  I sent the following e-mail to Mr. Dumar this morning:  

 

As you might expect, there is a fair amount of discussion "out there" this morning about the new Circular Letter.  A number of listservs are chatting about the significance for annuities, in particular.  In the context of life & annuity filings, the question the life insurance industry has is whether or not NY now mandates that insurers treat same-gender spouses the same as opposite-gender spouses for purposes of continuation of the contract after death of an owner.  As you probably know, the answer is crucial, as it relates directly to IRC 72(s) compliance and the tax-deferral treatment of inside buildup of non-qualified deferred annuity contracts. 

If the Dept requires same-gender spouses receive the same contractual continuation rights upon death of owner as opposite-gender spouses, then the industry will have to eliminate spousal continuation rights completely.  This is because (state-law-governed) annuity contracts are treated as annuity contracts for federal income tax purposes ONLY if their terms comply with the continuation after death of owner rules in IRC 72(s).  As you know, the IRC is subject to the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which limits the application of the words spouse and marriage to the opposite-gender context.  In short, the IRC disqualifies deferred annuities if they provide for any continuation after death of owner to any person other than an opposite-gender spouse, regardless of what may be permitted or required by state law.

In recognition of the threat to the tax deferral treatment of annuities for the entire deferred annuity market, the Vermont Insurance Dept issued guidance to the effect that insurers were to treat same-gender parties to a civil union the same as opposite-gender spouses, except in the context of the continuation upon death feature.

http://www.bishca.state.vt.us/InsurDiv/regsbulls/insregs/REG_I-2000-1.PDF

http://www.bishca.state.vt.us/InsurDiv/regsbulls/insbulls/BUL128.htm

The more broadly the continuation rights are applied, the greater the opportunities for tax deferral, so most of the insurance industry would be thrilled to extended continuation to same-gender spouses.  However, unless DOMA is repealed, the consequences of post-death continuation being so extended are potentially catastrophic for every holder of a deferred annuity.

 Any guidance you could provide would be much appreciated.   

 

NYSID issues Disclosure Rules for Indexed Products

The New York State Insurance Department recently issued "Equity index annuity contract or life insurance policy paid dividend disclosure under Section 3209(b)(2)(C)."  

Section 3209(b)(2)(C) was amended in the last legislative session to require a disclosure statement  "indicating whether paid dividends are included in changes in the equity index, together with a description of how such dividends, or lack thereof, would affect the changes in the equity index; the statement must provide the average dividend rate over the lesser of ten years or the calculable life of the index."  The guidance issued is to assist in "calculating and communicating" the average dividend rate.  

Several companies have posed questions to us over the last couple of months regarding the nature and timing of such disclosures.  In addition to providing a sample of satisfactory disclosure, the guidance states that the communication is required "by the first of the month following the end of the latest completed calendar year (i.e., by February 1 the average dividend rate for the most recent 10 completed calendar years would be provided in the disclosure required by Section 3209(b)(2)(C))."  Adding the required disclosure to these annual statements for indexed products (remember this applies to both life and annuity products) could take significant programming for some companies, so prompt attention to this guidance is strongly recommended.   

Companies can be sure that the Department will be asking to see these disclosures during post-approval reviews, market conduct exams or upon receipt of a consumer complaint.  

NY issues Guidance for Illustrations of Variable Annuity Contracts

 The New York State Insurance Department recently posted Guidance for Illustrations of Variable Annuity Contracts on their website.   This guidance is in response to inquiries received on Regulation 47's statement that "Except as approved by the superintendent, no hypothetical rate of investment return in excess of eight percent may be used in such illustrations."  The guidance is  helpful in that it does permit gross rates in excess of 8%, provided that in any year the accumulation at the gross rates used in the illustration does not exceed accumulation at 8%.  A sample calculation is provided.  

However, it is more troubling that the guidance also appears to be a step towards using Regulation 47 in a whole new manner:  to regulate variable annuity illustrations.  It concludes with the statement that "Circular Letter 6 of 2004 may be used for filings with illustrated forms that conform to the above guidance regarding variation in the eight percent rate in illustrations.  The submission letter should indicated that the forms are illustrated and this Guidance should be cited."  

In stating a relatively simple rule, the guidance glosses over more complex issues about how that provision applies to today's products.    The primary problem is that Reg 47 is tremendously outdated, having been promulgated in 1970.  In all likelihood, many people making submissions to the NYSID were not even born when this regulation was drafted!  Its revision has been on the NYSID's regulatory agenda  for well-over a decade.  Trying to apply regulatory concepts set down almost 40 years ago to products being developed in late 2008 and beyond ends up looking like contortionism.  

The discussion in this guidance ignores a number of the old regulation's definitions that are important for understanding the regulation as a whole, and section 50.8's limits on illustrations specifically:  the difference between a separate account annuity contract and a variable annuity contract and the pivotal rate of investment return to name just a couple.  Likewise, there is no mention of the clear exemption in section 50.8 which states:  "Nothing herein contained shall prohibit the use of hypothetical rates of investment return, clearly designated as such, to illustrate possible levels of variable annuity payments, if the use of such hypothetical rates is not in conflict with applicable requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission."

This guidance creates a brand new requirement for a statement regarding the illustration of annuity products.  Unlike for life insurance, there is no illustration regulation that specifically requires that notification. There is no definition of an annuity illustration or what other standards may be applied to annuity illustrations once flagged in submissions.  This raises concerns about the openness of the regulatory process.  If NY is going to regulate annuity illustrations, something contemplated by the long-ago revisions to section 3209 of the Insurance Law, then there should be a fully vetted regulation that addresses today's products and makes sense in the modern annuity world.  

Recent Department exams and post-approval reviews have focused increasingly and piecemeal on annuity illustrations.  This appears to be another step down that path.  While the specific statement that hypothetical rates of investment return which vary from year-to-year is welcome, only time - and Department actions - will tell if this guidance ends up being something that is helpful to companies genuinely striving for compliance.  

It is time for Regulation 47 to be revised once and for all.  If annuity illustrations are to be regulated, a regulation following the mandated administrative process should be promulgated. Regulation 47 should be put into the history books, not allowed to have a 40th anniversary.   Let's have a regulation that fits the products, not try to fit products to an antiquated standard.

RIP Reg 47!  

 

 

 

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Grace Period/Notice Circular Letter posted in NY

There was a change to the NY Insurance law, effective 10/5/2008.  The amendment provides for a 61-day grace period for UL-type policies and it changes the grace period notice provisions as well. After the law became effective, the  NYSID posted a Circular Letter on their website with guidance to the industry on required policy form changes.

Note that the Circular Letter states explicitly that a policy form containing a grace period other than as required by the new law and a policy form that contains a notice of grace period other than as set forth in the new law is not in compliance with law.  This likely means every company's entire UL and VUL product line is out of compliance as of 10/5 based on the Department's interpretation.  

I think this interpretation is very unfortunate given the very short time frames of this statutory change.  While the 61-day grace period might, in theory, require a policy form change, 61-days has been the standard in the industry for quite some time.  There are few companies that will need to revise their policies on that issue. 

The notice requirement is different.  The change to the notice provision was designed to bring consistency to previously inconsistent provisions of law. But due to the inconsistency, many companies had already worked their systems to reconcile the two and issue a single notice to comply with both timing requirements.   A company with the previously-mandated language in their policy could clearly comply with the new law without revising the policy language because the time periods overlap.  If some action was necessary, the Department could have mandated an assurance that companies would do so.  But that appears to be water under the bridge at this point.  

Instead, the Department has demanded a flood of policy forms to process.  They have indicated that the endorsements and new forms submitted to comply with their interpretation will be given priority in the CL6 process and the Circular Letter sets forth the submission requirements.  However, it is unclear how that can really be the case. 

CL6 already is the expedited process.  It is not as though the administrative folks at the NYSID are sitting on those filings or have nothing else to do.   There was no indication that any new people will be brought in to handle all these filings.  I know my office alone is working on close to 100 policy forms already that are impacted and either have been filed or will be filed shortly.  Who will handle these at the NYSID?  And if they are being expedited by the people who usually handle the CL6 filings, who will review those non-expedited CL6 filings?  For those companies still working on 2001 CSO filings, will this new influx of expedited submissions bump those?  How many expedited processes can really be on the table before the word "expedited" loses all meaning? 

NYSID directed by Governor to save over $13 million

In the Capital Confidential blog this afternoon, Rick Karlin reports that NYS agency commissioners, including the Superintendent of the Insurance Department, have been ordered by Governor Paterson to "focus their operations on their agency's core mission."  Gov. Paterson reportedly set "savings targets" for many state agencies. 

The list that accompanied the post indicates that the Insurance Department has been directed to save $13,377,000. 

That does not bode well for filling the staff positions necessary to get CL6 submissions moving quickly again! 

 

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